All articles. Humanities of BMSTU

Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based biometric authentication systems: vulnerability analysis and security enhancement methods

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

This article examines a current trend in biometric technology development: electrocardiogram (ECG)-based authentication systems. This method has attracted the attention of researchers due to the unique electrical activity of each person's heart and the relative resistance of this characteristic to counterfeiting compared to traditional biometric parameters (fingerprints, iris, voice). However, the practical application of ECG authentication is associated with a number of vulnerabilities. Key security threats are discussed, including the possibility of artificial signal reproduction, the influence of noise and artifacts during data collection, decreased accuracy due to changes in the user's physiological state, and the risks of compromising biometric templates during storage and transmission. Modern methods for improving the reliability of ECG authentication systems are analyzed. These include the use of adaptive filtering algorithms and multichannel signal processing, the use of machine learning methods to extract stable features, cryptographic protection of biometric templates, and integration with additional authentication factors. Special attention is given to the concept of multi-layered security, where ECG is used as one element in a comprehensive biometric system that balances ease of use and security.
Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the future of ECG authentication directly depends on the development of methods for protecting against replay attacks, improving noise immunity during signal recording, and implementing modern cryptographic protocols for protecting biometric data. Combining physiological characteristics with behavioral and traditional authentication factors is considered the most effective approach to creating reliable and practical user identification systems.

Constant-roll inflationary models in Einstein — Gauss — Bonnet gravity

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

This work investigates constant-roll inflationary models based on modified Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity. Special attention is paid to analyzing the influence of the Gauss–Bonnet topological invariant on the parameters of cosmological perturbations. A comparison of the obtained solutions with the case of Einstein gravity is performed, and characteristic features of the new models are identified. The consistency of the considered cosmological inflation models with observational constraints on the values of cosmological parameters is also verified. The results of this study can be applied in the interpretation of cosmic microwave background observations (Planck, BICEP), for refining the inflationary dynamics of the early Universe, and in theoretical studies of modified gravity theories.

Influence of the Coanda effect on the RPCM chamber coefficient with zonal delivery of gaseous fuel components

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

A numerical simulation of mixture formation in a low-thrust rocket engine (LTRE) chamber with a zonal fuel and oxidizer supply system was conducted with a combustion chamber (CC) px pressure of 1 MPa. The dependences of the chamber coefficient on the combustion chamber diameter dks for various oxidizer excess ratios were determined and graphically presented based on data obtained from the numerical study. The gas-dynamic flow structure is presented for dks equal to 22 mm and 28 mm, and the mixing zones are identified. This demonstrates the influence of the Coanda effect, which involves the deflection of a gas jet toward a nearby solid surface and its subsequent movement along this surface, on the mixing of propellant components.

Restricting access to network resources through data packet inspection (DPI)

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

This paper examines deep packet inspection (DPI) technology, that is a modern method of network traffic analysis which is capable of working with data link packet levels (within OSI model). The paper describes basic operating principles of DPI, it’s usage for improvement of data network service quality and it’s abilities to monitor threats within the network and effectively block them. The emphasis is on DPI’s general advantages and disadvantages and it’s capabilities to work with encrypted traffic.

Increased machining performance through the use of vibratory cutting

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

Traditional machining methods are associated with a number of fundamental technological limitations. These include significant heat generation in the cutting area, leading to increased tool wear and thermal deformations of the workpiece, the development of undesirable self-oscillations (vibrations) that negatively affect the accuracy and quality of the surface, as well as problems associated with the formation and removal of chips that can cause damage to the treated surface. The use of vibration cutting methods offers a promising direction to overcome these limitations. Giving a cutting tool or workpiece controlled vibrations of a certain frequency and amplitude fundamentally changes dynamics of the cutting process. The mechanism of action of vibrations consists in the periodic disruption of the continuous contact of the tool with the chips and the workpiece. This leads to a number of positive effects: a significant decrease in the temperature in the cutting area due to improved heat dissipation during periods of absence of contact, effective damping of parasitic vibrations due to the intermittency of the process, easier chip breaking and removal due to its dynamic destruction into small segments, as well as the possibility of increasing the cutting depth without increasing negative phenomena. The combination of these effects of the vibration cutting method makes it possible to achieve significant improvements in the technological parameters of the process. As a result, the roughness of the treated surface is reduced, burr formation is minimized, the accuracy of observing the geometric parameters of the part is increased and, as a result, a significant increase in machining performance while increasing the durability of the cutting tool.

Development of a mechatronic module for automatic detection of power transmission line faults

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

This article presents the development of a system for detecting and classifying power transmission line (PTL) faults using multifunctional sensors, including an RGB camera, thermal imager, and passive radar, integrated into a mechatronic module. The article analyzes existing PTL monitoring systems and identifies their limitations. A new approach is proposed, involving the creation of a mechatronic module for automatic fault recognition in PTLs and the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a high payload capacity equipped with various sensors. The methodology for designing the mechatronic module structure is described. Methods of fault detection are presented, as well as requirements for the control system.

Selection of domestic electronic components for creating a control board for a brushless motor

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

In the context of active development of robotics and the need to ensure technological sovereignty, the development of efficient control systems for brushless dc motors (BLDC), which are key components of modern robotic systems, is of particular relevance. The article analyzes BLDC motor control algorithms, including trapezoidal (Trap) and vector (FOC) commutation, with an emphasis on their advantages, disadvantages and areas of application. The mathematical foundations of Clarke and Park transformations necessary for the implementation of FOC, as well as the requirements for the computing resources of microcontrollers are considered. Particular attention is paid to the problem of import substitution: an overview of the domestic electronic component base (ECB) for creating control boards, including microcontrollers (for example, MIK32 Amur) and possible analogues of foreign MOSFET transistor drivers is proposed. Key problems are identified, such as the lack of domestic high-frequency MOSFET transistors and specialized drivers, which hinders the development of autonomous robotic systems. The article offers practical solutions for implementing control algorithms on domestic components and emphasizes the need to develop domestic ECB to achieve technological independence. The results of the study can be useful for developers of robotic systems, electronic engineers and specialists in the field of automated control.

Why binaryformatter is the most dangerous function in .NET

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

In the article explores the risks of using unsafe deserialization in web applications on the .NET Core platform. A critical vulnerability is identified, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server. Practical recommendations are provided for replacing outdated components and implementing secure coding methods. The research results will help software developers to eliminate common errors and improve the overall security of applications, which is an important and timely contribution to solving the current issues of information security in modern software solutions based on the .NET Core platform, which are widely used in corporate environments.

Foundations of the legal status of civil rights to musical works in modern Russia

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

The article analyzes the development of legal regulation of copyright for musical works in Russia since the late 20th century. It highlights the key stages of legislative modernization — from the Fundamentals of Civil Legislation to Part IV of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the 1993 Law «On Copyright and Related Rights» and its role in adapting national law to international standards. The article examines rights protection mechanisms, the activities of the Russian Authors' Society (RAS), and the specifics of collective management. It also explores the legal status of musical works, including their integration into multimedia objects. The article concludes that an effective system for intellectual property protection has been formed in the context of digitalization.

Application of SiC transistors in power electronics

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0400

This article explores the potential of silicon carbide (SiC) field-effect transistors in power converter devices. It examines the physical foundations and key advantages of wide-bandgap semiconductor devices, including high critical breakdown field, increased thermal conductivity, and operation at temperatures of 200 °C and above. A comparative analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics of power switches based on SiC MOSFETs and conventional silicon power switches based on IGBTs and MOSFETs is provided. The practical aspects of using SiC transistors in switching power supplies, inverters, and traction drive systems are described. It is shown that SiC technology can significantly improve converter efficiency, reduce system weight and dimensions, and expand the operating frequency range. Particular attention is paid to SiC device control, the influence of parasitic inductances on dynamic processes, and overvoltage protection methods. The work demonstrates that the transition to SiC transistors is an important direction in the development of energy-efficient power electronics.