Optimization of ballistic deployment for a multifunctional system of personal satellite communication and data transmission from low earth orbit spacecraft

Authors: Zakharov D.M.
Published in issue: #2(103)/2026
DOI: 10.18698/2541-8009-2026-2-1095
Category: Aviation and Rocket-Space Engineering | Chapter: Innovation Technologies of Aerospace Engineering
Keywords: orbital constellation, spacecraft, ballistic deployment, “Gonets-M1”, radio visibility zones, satellite configuration, Satellite Tool Kit
Published: 25.03.2026

his article discusses the process of modeling and optimizing the orbital constellation of low Earth orbit satellites “Gonets-M1” using the STK 14 software suite. A methodology is presented for ballistic deployment and analysis of service area coverage under various orbital plane configurations and numbers of spacecraft. Based on simulation results, parameters were evaluated that ensure maximum coverage of both global zones and the territory of the Russian Federation. It was established that a 4?7 configuration with optimal orbital parameter offsets provides high coverage efficiency with a minimal number of satellites. This work can be applied in the design of satellite communication systems for both strategic and civilian purposes.

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