Increased machining performance through the use of vibratory cutting

Traditional machining methods are associated with a number of fundamental technological limitations. These include significant heat generation in the cutting area, leading to increased tool wear and thermal deformations of the workpiece, the development of undesirable self-oscillations (vibrations) that negatively affect the accuracy and quality of the surface, as well as problems associated with the formation and removal of chips that can cause damage to the treated surface. The use of vibration cutting methods offers a promising direction to overcome these limitations. Giving a cutting tool or workpiece controlled vibrations of a certain frequency and amplitude fundamentally changes dynamics of the cutting process. The mechanism of action of vibrations consists in the periodic disruption of the continuous contact of the tool with the chips and the workpiece. This leads to a number of positive effects: a significant decrease in the temperature in the cutting area due to improved heat dissipation during periods of absence of contact, effective damping of parasitic vibrations due to the intermittency of the process, easier chip breaking and removal due to its dynamic destruction into small segments, as well as the possibility of increasing the cutting depth without increasing negative phenomena. The combination of these effects of the vibration cutting method makes it possible to achieve significant improvements in the technological parameters of the process. As a result, the roughness of the treated surface is reduced, burr formation is minimized, the accuracy of observing the geometric parameters of the part is increased and, as a result, a significant increase in machining performance while increasing the durability of the cutting tool.

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