Influence of the positioning error of the machine tool working bodies caused by the backlash of the ball screw on the accuracy of manufacturing a part

Authors: Orlov Yu.M.
Published in issue: #11(52)/2020
DOI: 10.18698/2541-8009-2020-11-657
Category: Mechanical Engineering and Machine Science | Chapter: Machine Science, Drive Systems, and Machine Components
Keywords: determination of positioning error, positioning repeatability, ball screw backlash, drive accuracy of machine tools with numerical software, backlash, deviation from accuracy, linear movements
Published: 14.12.2020

The paper considers the influence of backlash arising in drives of metal-cutting machines on the positioning repeatability of the machine working bodies. The causes of backlash in machine tool drives are described when the ball screw moves in different directions. The deviation from the specified machining accuracy is calculated using the example of drilling holes in the workpiece. A method is described for optimizing the movements of drives of machine tools with ball screws without preload, taking into account the repeatability of their positioning. The formula is presented for calculating the positioning error in the case of operation of two axes with ball screws, options are presented for the possible deviation of the machine working bodies from the specified accuracy of manufacturing the part.

References

[1] Savel’yeva L.V., Maretskaya V.V. Issues of simulating technological process of parts manufacturing. Glavnyy mekhanik [Chief Mechanical Engineer], 2015, no. 3, pp. 44–49 (in Russ.).

[2] Savel’yeva L.V., Vendin I.O. Cutting conditions effect on tool front surface wear rate while workpieces machining. Vestnik MAI [Aerospace MAI Journal], 2019, no. 4, pp. 209–215 (in Russ.).

[3] Savel’yeva L.V., Solov’yev A.I., Dzhafarova Sh.I. Finishing and cleaning treatment in the automated production condition. Tekhnologiya mashinostroeniya, 2019, no. 8, pp. 13–18 (in Russ.).

[4] Savel’yeva L.V., Solov’yev A.I., Dzhafarova Sh.I., et al. Features of determining the locating error when placing workpieces in v-block. Glavnyy mekhanik [Chief Mechanical Engineer], 2019, no. 12, pp. 47–51 (in Russ.).

[5] Albagachiev A.Yu., Krasko A.S., Il’inskiy M.D., et al. Modern diagnostics and compensation methods for error CNC machines. Estestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki [Natural and Technical Sciences], 2018, no. 1(115), pp. 113–115 (in Russ.).

[6] Belyakovskiy V.P., Kipcharskiy S.V. Analysis of the causes that determine the positioning error of the working bodies of NC. Vestnik Priazovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnicheskie Nauki [Reporter of the Priazovskyi State Technical University. Section: Technical Sciences], 2001, no. 23, pp. 203–209 (in Russ.).

[7] Kochergin A.I., Vasilenko T.V. Proektirovanie privoda podachi stanka s ChPU [Design of CNC machine feeder]. Minsk, BNTU Publ., 2014 (in Russ.).

[8] Chernavskiy S.A. Proektirovanie mekhanicheskikh peredach [Design of mechanical transmission]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1976 (in Russ.).

[9] Pronichev N.D., Smelov V.G. Innovatsionnyy kurs lektsiy. Mnogoosevye obrabatyvayushchie tsentry [Innovative lection course. Multi-axis machining centers]. Samara, SGAU im. S.P. Koroleva Publ., 2013 (in Russ.).

[10] Glubokiy V.I., Yakimovich A.M., Glubokiy A.S. Raschet privodov podach i napravlyayushchikhtey [Calculation of feeder and slideways]. Minsk, BNTU Publ., 2013 (in Russ.).